Gender Roles in Much Ado About Nothing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sex Roles in Much Ado About Nothing - Essay Example In the play most of characters including Hero, Leonato, Claudio and Benedick are characters who stick to Renaissance beliefs. Interestingly, Beatrice stands apart as the main character that doesn't comply with the standards of the Renaissance time frame. During the Renaissance, man was better than lady in all angles. Ladies were viewed as substandard compared to men. They were docile to the men in the family and were required to comply with the men in all parts of their lives. Men settled on all choices and the ladies were required to obey them. Ladies spoke to ideals, for example, submission, devotion, celibacy, lowliness and tolerance. Renaissance society was a male centric culture. At each point on the social scale, a man was the leader of the family unit. A lady was constrained by her folks all through her youth, at that point, gave over to her significant other who might practice command over her til' the very end. This man centric disposition can be found in the characters of A ntonio and Leonato. Antonio exhorts Hero, â€Å"Well niece, I believe you will be governed by your father† (Act 2 Sc I). A girl should comply with her dad in any event, with regards to picking a spouse. Leonato reminds Hero how to carry on when the ruler comes to charm her. At that point, when it turns out to be certain that the ruler was in the interest of Claudio and not himself, Leonato acknowledges the unexpected difference in child in-law with no thought for his daughter’s sentiments. He requests that his little girl consent to a marriage whether she favors of it or not. Beatrice proposes that Hero concur with her dad just on the off chance that it satisfies her to do as such. She says, â€Å"Yes, confidence, it is my cousin’s obligation to make cursy and state, ‘Father, however it see fit But for all that, cousin, let him be an attractive individual, or make another cursy, and state, ‘Father, however it see fit (Act 2, Sc I. 52 - 56). To this, Leonato says â€Å"Well, niece, I would like to see you one day fitted with a husband† (Act 2, Sc I. 53 - 54). Actually, Leonato is reminding Beatrice that she is a house keeper, an old unmarried servant, something that is viewed horribly by the Renaissance male centric culture. In the male centric culture, a woman’s extreme objective is to wed and be a respectful spouse. Essentially, Leonato shows his adherence to the customary male job in different areas of the play. Later in the play, following Claudio’s revilement of Hero, Leonato doesn't regard to his daughter’s claims that she is guiltless and wishes her demise instead of live with a discolored notoriety. â€Å"Do not live, Hero, don't ope thine eyes,/For, did I think thou wouldst not rapidly bite the dust,/Thought I that thy spirits were more grounded than thy disgraces,/Myself would on the rearward of rebukes/Strike at thy life. (Act 4, Sc I 123 †127). In any event, when the remainder of th e family has confidence in Hero’s guiltlessness and agrees with her position in the contention, he is persuaded of Hero’s spoiled notoriety. It is simply after Benedick and the monk swear they have confidence in Hero’s honesty, does he yield. Leonato’s love for his little girl just endures as she secures his name and respect. When apparently she has brought disgrace, he needs her to kick the bucket and shut down the disrespect she has brought. Not exclusively does Hero energetically submit to her dad as his dutiful little girl, she is likewise ready to submit to her significant other as his better half. She is playing out her jobs as a submissive little girl and

The Tramp Free Essays

string(36) stories have been well documented. A bad situation FOR A WOMAN The Australian creator Barbara Baynton had her first short story distributed under the title â€Å"The Tramp† in 1896 in the Christmas release of the Bulletin. Established in Sydney in 1880, the Bulletin was instrumental in building up the possibility of Australian patriotism. It was initially a mainstream business week by week instead of a scholarly magazine however during the 1890s, with the abstract pundit A. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Tramp or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now G. Stephens as its supervisor, it was to become â€Å"something like a national abstract club for another age of writers† (Carter 263). Stephens distributed work by numerous youthful Australian essayists, including the short story author Henry Lawson and the writer â€Å"Banjo† Paterson and in 1901 he observed Miles Franklin’s My Brilliant Career as the primary Australian tale. 2 †¦ Stephens esteemed her â€Å"too straightforward for an Australian audience† (Schaffer 154). She couldn't discover a distributer in Sydney ready to print her accounts as an assortment and it was not until 1902 that six of her accounts were distributed in London by Duckworth’s Greenback Library under the title Bush Studies. It was, all in all, inspected well. She in this manner distributed a novel, Human Toll, in 1907 and an extended assortment of stories in 1917. However, albeit singular stories were normally remembered for compilations of Australian writing, when of her passing in 1929 she was also called an old fashioned gatherer and her gathered stories were not republished until 1980. 3 Until the coming of women's activist analysis during the 1980s, Baynton stayed a to a great extent overlooked figure, excused as an ordinary female author who didn't have the foggiest idea how to control her feelings and who couldn't effectively utilize her â€Å"natural talent†. As late as 1983 Lucy Frost could talk of â€Å"her strangely low degree of basic awareness† (65) and guarantee that she â€Å"relies †¦ on impulse †¦ In request to compose well she needs to compose really out of instinctive comprehension. †¦ As craftsmanship it makes for failure† (65). For quite a while perusing the understood in Baynton’s stories comprised in recognizing the personal components and endeavoring to sort out her actual life. She famously asserted, even to her own youngsters, to be the girl not of an Irish woodworker yet of a Bengal Lancer and in later life attempted to disguise he hardship of her youth and early wedded life. The tales were perused as â€Å"true† records of what it resembled for a poor lady to live in the shrub toward the finish of the nineteenth century. This paper contends that a long way from being a characteristic author whose â€Å"talent doesn't reach out to symbolism† (Frost 64), Baynton is a comp lex essayist who utilizes slant essentially on the grounds that this was the main type of analysis open to a lady author in Australia right now. The clear failure of perusers to draw in with the verifiable in her accounts originates from a reluctance to acknowledge her vision of life in the hedge. So as to comprehend Baynton’s method and why prior perusers reliably neglected to decipher it accurately, it is essential to supplant her accounts with regards to the scholarly world in which she was working for, as Brown and Yule state, with regards to perusing the understood: â€Å"Discourse is deciphered in the light of past understanding of comparable talk by relationship with past comparable texts† (65). In 1901, the time of alliance and the tallness of Australian nationalistic enthusiasm, A. G. Stephens composed: What nation can offer to journalists preferable material over Australia? We are not yet cozy in urban areas and villas, formed by standard, controlled to an example. Each man who wanders the Australian wild is a potential knight of Romance; each man who ponders the Australian desert for a job may sing a Homeric serenade of history, or tune in, confounded and beaten, to an Aeschylean lament of annihilation. The wonders of the gutsy are our day by day basic spots. The show of the contention among Man and Destiny is played here in a picturesque setting whose oddity is loaded with fundamental recommendation for the abstract craftsman. (Ackland, 77) 5 Women are obviously missing in this portrayal of Australian life as they are in crafted by Henry Lawson whose accounts have come to be viewed as the ‘perfect’ case of nationalistic composition. In the titles of his accounts ladies, on the off chance that they exist by any stretch of the imagination, are viewed as members of men: â€Å"The Drover’s Wife,† â€Å"The Selector’s Daughter. They are characterized, best case scenario by their physical qualities: â€Å"That Pretty Girl in the Army,† however as a rule are explicitly prohibited: â€Å"No Place for a Woman† or diminished to quiet: â€Å"She Wouldn’t Speak. † In the writings themselves the storytellers are either mysterious or male and male mate-transport is esteemed above marriage. In Lawson’s most notable stories the bramble is a ruinous power against which man must wage a steady fight. The scene, maybe typically, is portrayed in ladylike terms either as a savage mother who takes steps to decimate her child or as a perilous virgin who leads man into fatal enticement. Men make due by energizing together and are constantly prepared to help a â€Å"mate† in trouble. Ladies are left at home and are demonstrated to be mollified with their job as homemaker: â€Å"All days are a lot of the equivalent to her †¦ But this bramble lady is utilized to the forlornness of it †¦ She is happy when her better half returns, yet she doesn't spout or make an object about it. She makes him something great to eat, and cleans up the children† (Lawson 6). Baynton’s stories challenge this vision of life in the shrubbery in various ways: most of her heroes are female; the genuine peril comes not from the hedge yet from the men who occupy it. From the earliest starting point, Baynton’s stories were dependent upon a type of male control since Stephens intensely altered them trying to render the verifiable traditional and in this way cause the accounts to fit in with his vision of Australian life. Hardly any original copies have endure h owever the progressions made to two stories have been very much archived. You read The Tramp in classification Papers In 1984 Elizabeth Webby distributed an article contrasting the distributed form of â€Å"Squeaker’s Mate† with a typescript/composition held in the Mitchell Library. She noticed that in the distributed form the structure has been fixed and some vagueness expelled by supplanting huge numbers of the pronouns by things. All the more critically, the closure has been changed and, since endings assume such a significant job in the comprehension of a short story, this has significant repercussions in general content: The new, more routinely moralistic consummation requested an all the more effectively severe Squeaker and an increasingly latent, enduring Mary. So conventional male/female qualities were superimposed on Baynton’s unique characters, characters intended to address such sexual generalizations. Too, the fundamental accentuation was moved from its apparent article Squeaker’s mate, to her assailant and safeguard; rather than an investigation of an inversion of sex, we have a story of valid or bogus mateship. (459) 7 Despite these progressions the text’s adjustment to the customary Australian story of mate-transport which the Bulletin perusers had generally expected stays shallow. The title itself is an unexpected farce of Lawson’s story titles. The lady is characterized by her relationship to the man however the jobs are switched. The man has become the delicate â€Å"Squeaker,† the lady the manly â€Å"mate. As in Lawson’s stories the male character’s words are accounted for in sections of direct discourse and the peruser approaches his musings while the woman’s words are accounted for just in a roundabout way: â€Å"†¦ hanging tight for her to be physically functional once more. That would be soon, she disclosed to her whining mate† (16). Be that as it may, and this is a significant distinction with Lawson’s stories, in Baynton’s work the content purposely causes to notice what isn't said. For instance when Squeaker leaves her without food and drink for two days: â€Å"Of them [the sheep] and the canine just she talked when he returned† (16), or once more: â€Å"No expression of grievance passed her lips† (18). Before the finish of the story the lady has quit talking through and through and the peruser is intentionally denied all entrance to her considerations and emotions: â€Å"What the wiped out lady thought was not unmistakable for she kept quiet always† (20). The principle character is in this manner minimized both in the title and in the story itself. The story is built around her nonappearance and it is decisively what isn't said which causes to notice the hardships of the woman’s life. 8 A comparative strategy is utilized in â€Å"Billy Skywonkie. The hero, who stays anonymous all through the story, isn't referenced until the fourth passage where she is portrayed as â€Å"the listening lady passenger† (46). She is along these lines from the beginning assigned as outer to the activity. In spite of the fact that there is a great deal of exchange in direct discourse in the story, the protagonist’s own words are constantly revealed in a roundabout way. The p eruser is never permitted direct access to her considerations however should induce what is happening in her psyche from articulations like â€Å"in apprehensive fear† (47) or â€Å"with the interest of horror† (53). In spite of the horrendousness of the male characters, the decentering of the hero makes it feasible for perusers reluctant to acknowledge Baynton’s sees on life in the shrubbery to acknowledge the unequivocally expressed assessments of the male characters and to excuse the lady as an unwanted untouchable. 9 The most signif

Mode-2 Society And Social Robustness Example

Mode-2 Society And Social Robustness Example Mode-2 Society And Social Robustness â€" Essay Example > Leadership: A Study in Creative Art, Human Behaviour and PerformanceByDevangini Mahapatra ChauhanOur changing times have been symbolic of the leadership traits and trends that dominate the choices we make and the changes we follow. The people who are able to not only possess the requisite traits, but also demonstrate these in trying times more than any other are true leaders in a post modern society. The sphere of arts has helped in defining the society that we live in and the values that govern us and help us in choosing leaders. This paper discusses the leadership traits that have been defined and have helped define the society and sphere of creative arts that we live in. Art has been a focal point for a variety of cultures since the history of time. It is an expression of how a race or a group of people perceive themselves in relation with the world around them. In this context, an important premise remains the fact that art is born from within and from influences that come fro m the outside. Art and Mass Media by Betty Ann Brown is a volume that chronicles the rise of western culture in context of its influence on art. This has been studied from the perspective of various art forms, ancient, medieval and modern so as to demonstrate how cultures are capable of affecting art forms and rendering finer detail to the structure. (Brown, 2005; P 2 â€" 4). The volume has conceptualised the way art has been seen and used since 1985 with the advent of mass media and especially the Internet. This conceptualisation has reached a phase where the influx of ideas related with the use of technology and mass media has grown to such heights where it accommodates a whole new dimension of art. It is said that the way something is built has a large bearing on how it is perceived. In the case of art, the use of mass media has accentuated the play of technology to the extent that the very way that an art form is conceptualised depends on the factors that are a part of the cul ture surrounding it. Since 1985, the play of mass media has begun on a note that has created the scope to create art beyond what has been seen in the conventional sense. The rise of technology has been accentuated by the west. Technology has come from the west and is associated with the west. Thus, an important premise here is that most of world sees western culture as an amalgamation of technology along with an ethic that is associated with the same. (Brown, 2005; P 2 â€" 6)Communication forms in the form of electronic, print and other media has had a major role in deciding how western culture is perceived to begin with. (Brown, 2005; P 4). Thus, art has been accepted in context of these communication forms that dominate the various resources in the world. Technological innovations are a matter of providing newer and better insights into the way various elements around us are perceived. This has had a large bearing on the way western culture is perceived to start with. This in tu rn, affects the fact that we associate art with western culture as well. This associative mode has a bearing on the relationship between western cultural values and the way art is perceived.

Essay on Compare and Contrast Egypt and Mesopotamia

Egypt developed around the Nile River, while Mesopotamia developed between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Egypt and Mesopotamia grew into complex civilizations. Politically, both Egypt and Mesopotamia had a government with one main ruler, but Egypt had a centralized government with a pharaoh, while Mesopotamia had a decentralized government with a king. Socially, both civilizations were patriarchal, but Egypt was more lenient towards women while Mesopotamia was stricter. The political and social structures of Egypt and Mesopotamia both similarities and differences. Politically, although both Egypt and Mesopotamia had one main ruler, Egypt was centralized and whereas Mesopotamia was decentralized. Egypt centralized government led†¦show more content†¦However, in Mesopotamia, the males subjugated the women. To stop married women from tempting other men, they were forced to cover their bodies, except for their faces, with veils. Women in Mesopotamia were often arranged into marriages, without a say on the subject. The Mesopotamian women had little impact on their society, while certain Egyptian women were able to gain highly influential positions in their society. One Egyptian woman even became the Queen of Egypt, alongside her son. Due to Egypt being less strict towards the women, Egyptian women were able to have a greater influence on their society. Although both civilizations were patriarchal, they varied on how strict they were towards women. Ancient civilizations surrounding Egypt and Mesopotamia during this time period had similar political and social structures to either of the civilizations. Most societies with a centralized government did not see their rulers as divine as pharaohs. Some civilizations, like the Chinese rulers and their Mandate of Heaven, ruled with a power similar to the Egyptian pharaohs. However, the Chinese empire could also be overthrown if they were a bad ruler. The Greek city-states also constantly fought e ach to gain power over all of Greece. Socially, ancient civilizations were not as lenient towards their women. Since social inequalities developed starting around the development of agriculture, women of ancient times wereShow MoreRelatedAp History Compare and Contrast Essay: Egypt and Mesopotamia1296 Words   |  6 PagesEthan Sua 10/16/10 Mr. McGrath AP World History A Compare and Contrast Essay of Egypt and Mesopotamia Egypt and Mesopotamia developed different and similar political and religious civilizations. Mesopotamian civilizations such as the Sumerians, the Akkadian kingdom, the Assyrian empire and the Babylonian city-state, were all too dependent on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Egypt’s natural isolation and material self-sufficiency fostered a unique culture thatRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Rise and Fall of Mesopotamia and Egypt1635 Words   |  6 Pages In this project I plan on exploring the contrasts and comparisons between the rise of Mesopotamia and Egypt. I chose this particular question because during my junior year I took and AP World History class in which we of course studied the worlds history. One on my favorite things that we studied in that class was ancient Empires. Mr. Herman, my AP teacher during that time, went through the Mesopotamian and Egyptian Empires rather too quickly for my tastes. I felt as though there were a lot of thingsRead MoreAp World History Compare and Contrast Essay Egypt vs. Mesopotamia632 Words   |  3 Pagesfor agricultural production. 2 of the greatest river-valley civilizations were Mesopotamia and Egypt. 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The birth of Mesopotamian Civilization began in c. 3000 B.C.E., in the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers of Southwest Asia. Mesopotamia is a Greek word and it means ‘between the rivers.’ In contrast, the birth of Egyptian Civilization began in c. 3100 B.C.E., in a valley of the Nile River in Northeastern Africa. Egypt is a Greek word and it means ‘House of the SpiritRead MoreWhat Aspects Of Human Life Remain The Same Across All Three Groups2974 Words   |  12 PagesGilgamesh tell us about the values of early Mesopotamia society? They had little of vocabulary, stone tools, believed in god, and had boats. 2. What role did water acquisition and management play in the political development of Mesopotamia? The water helps the people to survive. People have different roles. 3. What were the underlying principles of Hammurabi s code of laws and what does the law code tell us about the kind of society that existed in Mesopotamia at the time? 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Comparing The Novel The Woman Warrior And Wild

The books I’ve chosen to review are set on two different continents. This makes the comparison of the lives of women across the world more efficient and broader. What makes the comparison more practical, realistic and interesting is the fact that the characters in the two books The Woman Warrior and Wild , lived in the same century. The authors specifically bring out the duties and the expectation that mothers were held to in the upbringing of their daughters as at that time and place. The authors, however, present the picture of motherhood in a fairly narrow view. They ignore the role of mothers in the upbringing of their sons and instead dwell on their duties and responsibilities in the bringing up of their daughters (Kingston Gordon 2005). Therefore, I chose to compare how the theme of motherhood has been portrayed in the two ethnically diverse texts. The mothers have an enormous duty to play in teaching their daughters the morals that are expected of them as members of their respective societies. In Wild, Ms. Strayed’s mother succumbed to cancer at the age of 45, leaving her barely 26 years old. As a result of her mother’s untimely death, she completely changed lifestyle. From an independent point of view, she completely lost her sense of morality as a result of her grief over the loss of her mother. She started sleeping around with random men. The author introduces humor to show that she realized she had slept with too many men that counting them would be aShow MoreRelatedThe Home and the World5529 Words   |  23 Pages| Rabindranath Tagore | Original title | à ¦ËœÃ  ¦ °Ã  §â€¡ à ¦ ¬Ã  ¦ ¾Ã  ¦â€¡Ã  ¦ °Ã  §â€¡ Ghare Baire | Country | India | Language | Bengali | Genre(s) | Autobiographical novel | Publication date | 1916 | Media type | Print (Hardback Paperback) | ISBN | NA | The Home and the World 1916 (in the original Bengali, à ¦ËœÃ  ¦ °Ã  §â€¡ à ¦ ¬Ã  ¦ ¾Ã  ¦â€¡Ã  ¦ °Ã  §â€¡ Ghà ´re Baire, lit. At home [and] outside) is a 1916 novel by Rabindranath Tagore. The book illustrates the battle Tagore had with himself, between the ideas of Western culture and revolution againstRead MoreCompare How the Theme of Love Is Presented in a Selection of Pre-1914 Poetry7665 Words   |  31 PagesBelle Dame Sans Merci’ is a romantics poem that portrays live of beauty and nature, things which could not be described simply by scientific terms. The poem has an emphasis on feeling, intuition and imagination over reason, there is enthusiasm for the ‘wild’, grotesque or irregular in nature and art. ‘Shall I Compare Thee’, the renaissance poems where the intensity of feelings are conveyed. Formal rules of the poetic form are followed out and the poem follows a smooth metre. ‘La Belle Dame SansRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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High-ranking Warrior castes (Kshatriyas), however, typically consume nonvegetarian diets, considered appropriate for their traditions of valor and physical strength. A Brahman born of proper Brahman parents retains his inherent purity if he bathes and dresses himselfRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesthings are going as they should, management must monitor the organization’s performance and compare it with previously set goals. If there are any significant deviations, it is management’s job to get the organization back on track. This monitoring, comparing, and potential correcting is the controlling function. So, using the functional approach, the answer to the question â€Å"What do managers do?† is that they plan, organize, lead, and control. Management Roles In the late 1960s, Henry Mintzberg, thenRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pagessuch as Mittal try to consolidate the industry. It might be said that the new entry threat has stabilised and even reduced, though continued investment by Chinese players may increase rivalry especially if they turn to overseas markets. Overall, comparing the size of the two radar plots over time suggests only a marginal change in favour of the steel producers. 38  © Pearson Education Limited 2011 Johnson, Whittington and Scholes, Exploring Strategy, 9th Edition, Instructor’s Manual WithRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganizational democracy: a challenge to managerialism? Destabilized capitalism Employee alienation as the key problem Conclusions 387 392 395 399 401 404 405 408 412 413 414 416 421 Chapter 10 Perspectives and challenges Introduction Comparing the different perspectives A modernist perspective A neomodernist perspective A new-wave perspective A postmodern perspective A reflective perspective A critical theory and psychoanalytic perspective A managerialist perspective The paradigm debate

Garnier Fructis †Innovation Free Essays

L’Oreal Garnier Fructis Oil+Shampoo Introduction: L’Oreal, the French cosmetic giant has become one of the leading players in the salon products sector in India. It marks its presence with a portfolio of 15 brands that grew over the span of nearly two decades in the Indian market, having an annual growth rate of 30 percent with a market share of 10 percent in the urban area. These different brands were launched in order to cover various product categories. We will write a custom essay sample on Garnier Fructis – Innovation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The mass consumer brands L’Oreal Paris, Garnier and Maybelline New York; luxury brands Yves Saint Laurent, Kiehl’s, Ralph Lauren, Giorgio Armani, Diesel and Lancome; professional brands L’Oreal Professionnel, Matrix, Kerastase and Keraskin Esthetics and pharmacy brands Vichy and La Roche-Posay. † (premiumbeautynews. com, 2012). With almost 750,000 points of sale in both the traditional network as well as in the modern supermarket network, the brand Garnier has successfully become the leading multi-category beauty brand in India. Launched in 1991, this global brand understood the dynamics of the Indian market and was able to craft a special place for itself. Even though Garnier is positioned as a premium, nature-based and innovative brand, it is priced reasonably targeting at both, the upper and middle socio-economic classes. Worldwide, L’Oreal is famous for its product innovation and this trait is strongly portrayed in Garnier through its continuous new product launches. This also creates excitement amongst the consumers to try out the new innovative personal care products, leading to brand loyalty. Garnier has two sub-brands – Garnier Fructis and Garnier Ultra Doux. Garnier Fructis almost immediately created a very strong bond with the consumers since it was positioned as a fruit based brand. The Indian consumer is happier using natural based products compared to the chemical based ones. Under this brand, a revolutionary product was launched in the year 2010; Garnier Fructis Oil+Shampoo that took the hair care market by storm. In this report, L’Oreal’s innovation and new product development models are explained in respect to their Garnier Fructis Oil+Shampoo product. Innovation Model: According to L’Oreal India’s chief operating officer, Mr. Dinesh Dayal, for this kind of success, the most essential factor is to yield the right kind of innovation, which was achieved through a blend of aggressive market research, intuition and the power of their global RD. Along with the three main drivers of innovation for L’Oreal, i. e. active ingredients, formulation and evaluation; research has always been the main crux for the company’s growth. When it comes to creating cosmetic products, science is the main driver of innovation. An advanced research for discovering new active ingredients is conducted, where scientific knowledge about skin and hair around the world is gathered, after which formulation systems are developed and adapted by various brands including Garnier around the world. For the Fructis Oil+Shampoo launch in the Indian market, the product is formulated using three oils as its key active ingredients, i. e. Olive oil for deep nourishment of the roots, Avocado oil for nourishment of the hair fiber and making it supple and Shea oil for softening the surface. Once the formulation has been complete, the transition from the molecule to finished product is done after demonstrating the products’ safety and whether it is scientifically effective. But rather than focusing entirely on scientific research, L’Oreal believes in research that listens to consumers. They aim to nurture innovation through a constant dialog between science and marketing. Thus, in order to discover and disseminate beauty habits of international consumers, the â€Å"International Department of Studies and Consumer Insights† was created. Garnier realized that in India, in order to nourish their hair, women extensively believed in the beauty ritual of oiling their hair, followed by a scalp massage and shampoo. The current fast-paced generation seemed to be moving away from this ritual as it is time-consuming. This became a source of inspiration for the 2-in-1 formula of hair oil and shampoo by Garnier. This is what India’s head of operations calls as â€Å"Indo-vation† – Innovation specifically for the Indian market. In order to understand the global consumers of L’Oreal, they strengthened their global presence in six regions; Europe, United States, Japan, China, Brazil and India. This enabled L’Oreal to come closer to their global market, as well as to gain the wealth of specific scientific and marketing knowledge of each region. In India, L’Oreal has its product development center in Mumbai from where it studies the specifics of hair and skin types of the Indian consumers, as well as their expectations and beauty routines for all its brands including Garnier, and an advanced research center in Bangalore where it screens its active ingredients to address scalp concerns, hair breakage and pigmentation disorders. According to Jean Paul Agon (Chairman, L’Oreal Paris), opening a research and innovation center in Mumbai was in line with the company’s universalization strategy in order to adapt to the cultural specific needs for all its global brands. Further, L’Oreal abides by the principles of sustainable and responsible innovation on a daily basis. Product safety is an absolute priority for this cosmetic giant, and has contributed massively to the study of toxicology due to its constant scientific commitment. The team at the Ultramodern Global Center is responsible for the beneficial and undesirable effects of all the ingredients. Unlike Pantene, Head Shoulders and Herbal Essence shampoos available in the Indian market, Garnier Fructis Oil+Shampoo does not use harmful chemicals such as Methylchloroisothiazolinone, a preservative causing harmful effects on the skin as well as the immune system and Ammonium Chloride which is harmful when swallowed and causes serious eye irritation. Instead, this product uses plant extracts such as Pyrus Malus and Peel extracts. Also, L’Oreal makes sure that its products have minimum impact on the environment throughout their entire life cycle. For this purpose, all the raw materials are under constant monitoring for environmental indicators. L’Oreal stopped animal testing in 1989 and plans to terminate human biopsy for testing clinical effectiveness in the near future. New Product Development Model: L’Oreal operates in a very turbulent and volatile fashion industry, making the product life cycles very short. But according to Crawford (1988), an early entry of new product may result in the development of a new market and long term market dominance. Garnier Fructis Oil+Shampoo is one such product. Based on Ansoff’s (1965, 1968) directional policy matrix, L’Oreal implemented the product development strategy, catering to the Indian market with a new product, i. e. 2 in 1 oil and shampoo. New product development enables L’Oreal to earn increased value for the company through a superior market share. The company believes in creating innovative products which are not only differentiated but also satisfy different segments in the international market. Before launching a new product, the company has to ensure that the product is based on the consumer’s preferences and is ifferentiated from any other product in terms of its formula/innovation. Once such an idea is generated by market research, RD takes over. Once completing the RD process, the market reality is observed and different ways of marketing the product are employed. A company’s image would be shattered if there if any negligence in this context, resulting to product failures upon launch. T herefore the complex process of new product development has a direct impact on L’Oreal’s prestige. L’Oreal invests heavily while launching any new product and be certain about its effectiveness, practicality and marketability of these products. Thus, before commercialization of Garnier Fructis Oil+Shampoo in the Indian market, an intensive market research was done in order to identify the beauty ritual of oiling the hair prior to shampooing and how through RD, this finding was converted into an effective molecular formula, later supported by a screening test and eventually passing through the market testing stage. Conclusion: According to Wang and Von Tunzelmann (1997), rather than RD, marketing perceives a more critical role in the positioning of a new product in any market segment. In context of the Garnier Fructis Oil+Shampoo launch, it is a product that was never thought of earlier by the Indian consumers, thus making it difficult to believe in. Fundamentally, shampoo is used against oil and these are two products are not supposed to work together. Since the time factor prevents the consumers from using both oil and shampoo at the same time, Garnier has tried integrating the north-pole and the south-pole. They are trying to combine two attributes having a negative relationship and trying to convince the consumers that there is a scope of redefining this relationship and making them work positively together. Once this strategy can get established, it may work as a powerful differentiator. Garnier now needs to focus on developing a story that is credible enough for the consumers to believe in. Regardless of whether the innovations by Garnier would fail or succeed in the market, they have managed to gain equity through its innovative products, heavy investment in brand promotion, strong distribution reach and premium positioning along with a smart pricing strategy, creating a special place in the Indian personal care industry. References 1. Afaqs. com (2010) afaqs! gt; News Company Briefs Garnier launches Garnier Fructis Shampoo + Oil 2 in 1. [online] Available at: http://www. afaqs. com/news/company_briefs/index. html? id=43881_GarnierlaunchesGarnierFructisShampooOil2in1 [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 2. B, H. (2010) Marketing Practice: Garnier : Take Care. [online] Available at: http://marketingpractice. blogspot. in/2010/01/garnier-take-care. html [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 3. Bureau, O. (201 3) L’Oreal looking at innovation to ramp up operations. [online] Available at: http://www. thehindubusinessline. om/companies/loreal-looking-at-innovation-to-ramp-up-operations/article4295052. ece [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 4. Cosmeticsandtoiletries. com (2013) L’Oreal Unveils New Indian Research and Innovation Center | CosmeticsAndToiletries. com. [online] Available at: http://www. cosmeticsandtoiletries. com/networking/news/company/LrsquoOreacuteal-Unveils-new-Indian-Research-and-Innovation-Center-186324642. html [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 5. Coursework4you. co. uk (1990) L’Oreal’s new product development strategy and the way they have successfully managed to achieve considerable market shares through consistent RD efforts. PAPERS4YOU. COM | UNIVERSITY ESSAY COURSEWORK DISSERTATION ASSIGNMENT ACADEMIC ANALYSIS. [online] Available at: http://www. coursework4you. co. uk/essays-and-dissertations/sample85. php [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 6. drugstore. com (n. d. ) Garnier Fructis Haircare Triple Nutrition Fortifying Shampoo, For Dry to Over-Dried or Damaged Hair. [online] Available at: http://www. drugstore. com/garnier-fructis-haircare-triple-nutrition-fortifying-shampoo-for-dry-to-over-dried-or-damaged-hair/qxp226120 [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 7. Ewg. rg (n. d. ) Garnier || Skin Deep ® Cosmetics Database | Environmental Working Group. [online] Available at: http://www. ewg. org/skindeep/brand/Garnier/ [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 8. Freepatentsonline. com (2008) Corporate culture and values: genesis and sources ofL’Oreal’s entrepreneurial orientation.. [online] Available at: http://www. freepatentsonline. com/article/Journal-Small-Business-Entrepreneurship/204931980. html [Accessed: 19 Apr 2013]. 9. INSEAD Knowledge (2010) Indo-vation: tapping the Indian market. [online] Available at: How to cite Garnier Fructis – Innovation, Papers

Shell Corporation Essay Example

Shell Corporation Essay Shell is global corporation of energy and petrochemical companies. Shell is operating in more than 140 countries for more than 10 years. Actually, Shell Corporation employs about 109,000 people. The objective of the company is â€Å"to engage efficiently, responsibly, and profitably in oil products, gas, chemicals and other selected businesses; to participate in the search for and development of other sources of energy to meet evolving customer needs and the world’s growing demand for energy†. Shell investigates new alternative and possible sources of oil as it is willing to respond to worldwide demands. Therefore, the company made up decision to seek new investment opportunities in Ghana. The company is going to explore natural gas and oil. According to recent statistics, the oil in 2002 was 8,255 million bbl and natural gas in 2005 23.79 billion cu m relatively. The company sees certain benefits from investing Ghana. Firstly, corporate tax relieve is a good incentive. Secondly, market advantage is apparent, because the company wants to enter petroleum production of Ghana due the high utilization of kerosene in rural areas which are provided with no electricity and characterized by low consumption of diesel. However, the company will face gender discrimination in the country, because in Ghana women earn less than men and are expected to take care of household and children. According to economic indicators, Ghana is developing country possessing favorable economic and financial performance than that of other countries’ in the region. Country’s GDP is $59.15 billion for 2006 amounting to $2600 GDP per capita. It is known that Ghana lacks supply of fuel to feed its growing industries. The demand is fulfilled only from import of petroleum from Nigeria. It is necessary to outline that Ghana is politically stable country with high degree of media freedom. Private broadcasters and press operate without significant restrictions. Actually, Ghana would benefit from Shells oil and natural gas exploration, because it offers employment and literacy education for adults and females. We will write a custom essay sample on Shell Corporation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Shell Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Shell Corporation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer